Although the reported incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) following a variety of diagnostic and interventional procedures shows considerable variation (from <3% to 57% in high-risk patients, it is well known that such complication is associated with a great burden of mortality and morbidity, including need for dialysis, myocardial infarction, bleeding, and recurrent renal injury, which are linked to increased length of stay and costs......